Senin, 14 November 2011

penomena alam ''Gunung Krakatau''

Figure KrakatauGunung Mount Krakatau is located in the Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra. Mount Krakatau formed from the merger of Mount Rakata, Danan Mountain and Mount Perbuwatan on the island of Rakata, which is one of the three islands of the rest of the Ancient Mount Krakatoa erupting. Notes on Ancient Krakatoa eruption taken from an ancient Javanese text entitled the King Library Parwa expected from the year 416 AD. It contained, among others, stated: "There was a thundering sound of thunder coming from Mount Batuwara. There is also a frightening shock earth, total darkness, thunder and lightning. Then came the wind and rain storms are terrible and the whole storm darkens the whole world. A great flood came from Mount Batuwara and flows eastward to Mount Kamula .... When the water drowning, the island of Java, separated into two, creating islands of Sumatra " Berend George Escher geologists and other experts argue that some natural events described are from Mount Ancient Krakatoa, which the text is called Mount Batuwara. According to the book Parwa King Library, the height of this Ancient Krakatoa reached 2,000 meters above sea level, and the circle of beach reaching 11 kilometers. Map of Mount KrakatauAkibat the great explosion, three-quarters of the body were destroyed leaving the Ancient Krakatoa caldera (large crater) in the Sunda Strait. The sides or edges of the crater known as Rakata Island, Long Island and Island Sertung, in other records referred to as the island of Rakata, Rakata Island and Small Island Sertung. This eruption was allegedly responsible for the occurrence of the dark ages of the earth. Bubonic plague disease occurs because the temperature cools. This plague has significantly reduced the number of people on earth. The eruption is also considered to contribute on the end of the heyday of ancient Persia, the transmutation of the Roman Empire to the Byzantine Empire, the end of the civilization of South Arabia, the extinction of the Mayan city, Tikal and fall of civilizations in South America the Nazca enigmatic. Ancient Krakatoa explosion is expected to last for 10 days at an estimated speed of vomit masses reach 1 million tons per second. The blast shield has formed a thick atmosphere of 20-150 meters, lowering the temperature of 5-10 degrees for 10-20 years. Mount Krakatoa erupted in 1680 and produce acid andesitic lava. Then in 1880, Mount Perbuwatan active issue though is not erupting lava. After that time, there is no volcanic activity at Krakatau until May 20, 1883. On that day, after 200 years of asleep, there was a small explosion at Mount Krakatau. That would be early signs of the massive eruption in the Sunda Strait. Small explosion was followed by small eruptions which culminates in the day Monday, August 27, 1883, promptly at 10.20. According to Simon Winchester, a geologist who graduated from the University of Oxford England is also the author of National Geographic said that the blast was the biggest, loudest and most devastating volcanic events in modern human history. The voice sounded erupt until 4600 miles from the center of the eruption and can even be heard by one eighth of the population of the earth at that time. According to researchers at the University of North Dakota, with the explosion of Krakatoa explosion of Tambora (1815) recorded a score of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI), the largest in modern history. The Guinness Book of Records noted the explosion of Anak Krakatau as the most powerful explosion in recorded history. Krakatoa explosion had thrown stones pumice and volcanic ash with a volume of 18 cubic kilometers. Bursts of dust vulkanisnya mencavai 80 km. Hard objects that flew into the air it falls on the plains of Java and Sumatra, even to Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Australia and New Zealand. The eruption destroyed Danan Mountain, Mount Perbuwatan and part of Mount Rakata cone where the missing half, create a basin-wide 7 km and as deep as 250 meters. Waves reached as high as 40 meters destroying villages and whatever is on the coast. The tsunami was caused not only because of the eruption but also underwater avalanches. Recorded the death toll reached 36,417 people from 295 coastal villages from Peacock (Attack) until cilamaya in Falkirk, west coast of Banten to display on the island of Cape Panaitan (Ujung Kulon and southern Sumatra. In Ujungkulon, incoming flood of up to 15 km to the west. The next day until a few days later, residents of Jakarta and Lampung hinterland no longer see the sun. Tsunami waves generated propagate even down to the coast of Hawaii, the west coast of Central America and the Arabian Peninsula 7 thousand kilometers away. Child drawings KrakatauSekitar 40 years or the eruption of Mount Krakatoa in 1927, volcano emerged known as Anak Krakatau caldera of the ancient region that is still active and still growing in height. High growth rate of about 20 inches per month. Each year it becomes more high about 20 feet and over a width of 40 feet. Another note to mention the addition of height of about 4 cm per year and if calculated, then within 25 years the addition of high-achieving children Rakata 7500 inches or 500 feet higher than the previous 25 years. The cause of the high mountain was caused by the material that comes out from the belly of the new mountain. At this altitude Anak Krakatau reached about 230 meters above sea level, while Mount Krakatau previously had 813 meters high above sea level. According to Simon Winchester, though what happens in the life of old Krakatoa very scary realities of geology, seismic and tectonic in Java and Sumatra strange will ensure that what used to happen at some point will occur again. No one knows exactly when Anak Krakatau will erupt. Some geologists predict this eruption will occur between 2015-2083. But the influence of the earthquake in the Indian Ocean base on December 26, 2004 also can not be ignored. Sources: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatau images.google.com Natural Phenomena: Anak Krakatau, Mount Ancient Krakatoa, eruption of Mount Krakatau

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